Udvartana

It is also a variety of abhyanga, though there is a basic difference between the two. The direction of udvartana is opposite to abhyanga. It is applied in the pratiloma direction, and the pressure of the massage should be more than abhyanga. According to Charaka, it comes under ‘Bahih parimarjana’. It may be of different types depending upon the materials used in it. According to Sushruta, it is of three types

Udvartana:

It should be done as the compression movement 179 by the tip of the finger, fore arm, palm, etc., or as the effleurage technique by thumb, fingertip, palm, fist, etc.

Udgharshana

It is a friction technique and it is to be done with ununctuous materials. This therapy is widely used for beauty therapy. The scrubbing of the face, skin is nothing but the udgharshana kriya. Powders of wood, brick, rice, husk of wheat, powder of jambu seed, and methi, etc., may be used for this procedure. These powders are to be rubbed over the body in the seven postures mentioned earlier. It is to be done in pratiloma directions. Though the term pratiloma has a wide range of meaning, but in this particular case, direction against the hair pattern is to be followed, as the basic aim of this therapy is to remove the waste products, tissue debris, or dead tissue from the pores of the skin. The stroke should be modified according to the site of application of therapy. For example, Udgharshana over the mandibular joint should be done in circular movement; light stretching movement is intended for the forehead or the lower portion of the eye. Oily substances should not be used for this procedure because they hamper the stretching movements.

Udvartana

It is a variety of abhyanga in which massage is applied in pratiloma direction. The entire procedure is same as udgharshana but the only difference is unctnous materials are used in thie procedure during massage.